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Quick Start

Power On

The following procedure takes you through the set up process.

WARNING : Manually configuring ROBOTIS OP3’s ready pose other than the above pose may cause mechanical damages when posing for initial stance.

Connect the AC plug of the power adapter into a power outlet and plug the DC connector into ROBOTIS OP3’s DC jack. The DC jack is located on the back panel of ROBOTIS OP3.

You can select either the DC power supply or battery pack to power ROBOTIS OP3.
If you want to use the battery pack, please follow the below procedure.

  1. Ensure the battery pack is fully charged.
  2. Open the battery compartment door (unscrew the thumbscrew) and insert the battery pack.
  3. Connect the battery cable to the battery power jack.
  4. Close and secure the compartment door (screw the thumbscrew) afterwards.
  5. Disconnect DC power supply.

WARRNING : Please turn off the power switch before connecting power source(battery or SMPS) to the product.

WARNING : Make sure OpenCR should be switched off when connecting the battery.

Pushing the power switch to the right will power up the ROBOTIS OP3 (to the right : power on, to the left : power off)

Once Power is on, the following procedure will be sequentially executed.

Execute Demo Program

Running Demonstration Programs

ROBOTIS OP3 is loaded with the following pre-configured operation modes :

  1. Demonstration-Ready Mode
  2. Autonomous Soccer Mode
  3. Vision Processing Mode
  4. Interactive Motion Mode

Demonstration-Ready mode is set as a default mode when ROBOTIS OP3 is turned on.

Press MODE button to navigate the mode.
ROBOTIS OP3 will verbally announce the selected mode when pressing the button.
The indicating LED will also change its color to the corresponding operation mode.

Press START button to run the selected mode.
After pressing START ROBOTIS OP3 will stand up and begin operations.

RESET Button The RESET button only resets actuators and the OpenCR sub-controller, not the entire system. Please keep in mind that the demo program is still running in the main controller when RESET button is pressed.
Pressing RESET button will disable torque on all actuator. It is highly recommended to set ROBOTIS OP3 for kneeling pose before pressing RESET button or hold ROBOTIS OP3 using its carrying handle.

Demonstration Ready Mode

The Demonstration-Ready mode is a default mode when ROBOTIS OP3 is turned on. LED 1 (red), LED 2 (green) and LED 3 (blue) will be lit.
The chest LED will switch the color from red to green while ROBOTIS OP3 verbally announces “Demonstration-ready mode”.
Now ROBOTIS OP3 is ready for action!
ROBOTIS OP3 stays in kneeling pose and does not move while in this mode.
This is the most recommended mode to change the power source.

Autonomous Mode

ROBOTIS OP3 follows and kicks a red ball (user can change the color of ball) and plays soccer by itself.
If ROBOTIS OP3 falls down (either on its back or belly) it will stand up and resume ball tracking, then pursuit.

Interactive Motion Mode

ROBOTIS OP3 performs pre-programmed motions sequentially while talking.

Vision Processing Mode

The new vision processing demo for ROBOTIS OP3 is “Face detection and tracking”. ROBOTIS OP3 is developed with ROS.
Therefore various ROS packages such as face detecting package can be applied for vision processing mode to track recognized face in front of the robot.
Please refer the below website link.
Face detecting : https://github.com/phil333/face_detection

Camera Calibration

If ambient light of ROBOTIS OP3 is either too dim or too bright, user can adjust camera setting for optimizing acquired image from the camera.
The color of the ball for soccer demo can also be modified from the setting.
Please refer to the wiki manual from below link.
ROBOTIS OP3 Camera Setting

Power Off

Please perform below procedures in order to shutdown the computer inside ROBOTIS OP3.

  1. Press PC power button which is located on the belly. ROBOTIS OP3 will verbally announce “bye-bye” and initiate shutdown process.

    When the internal computer of ROBOTIS OP3 is turned off, blue LED at the chest will be off.
    After the blue LED is turned off, shutdown the main power with the switch in the back of the robot.

  2. If ROBOTIS OP3 does not announce “bye-bye” then you may need to force shutdown by holding the power button until the blue LED at the chest turns off.

NOTE : If power supply is cut off before the blue LED is turned off, ROBOTIS OP3 may have problems in the next startup.

Programming Guide

Connect to OP3

From your computer go to Wi-Fi Setting and set to obtain an IP address automatically using DHCP.
Then connect to ROBOTIS OP3 wifi network(SSID : ROBOTIS-OP3-share). Password is 11111111.

Example : SSH Client (for Windows)

Example: SSH Client (for Linux)

Example: VNC client (for Windows)

Development Environment

The following is the list of tools for source code development.

Source Code

You may find the source code directory at /robotis from ROBOTIS OP3’s PC.

The pre-installed source code may be updated without prior notice. Please check for updates periodically. You may obtain updated source code from the below GitHub links :

Framework

The following flow diagram represent class breakdown and data pipelines.
You may modify the framework at “/home/robotis/catkin_ws/src/ROBOTIS-Framework”.
For more information, please refer to the WIKI.
ROBOTIS Framework WIKI

Software Utilities

User who wishes to customize or diagnose ROBOTIS OP3 should establish a connection with the robot via SSH or Remote Desktop(VNC). The tools are located in the following directory : home/robotis/catkin_ws/src/ROBOTIS-OP3/ROBOTIS-OP3-Tools

In the directory you can find code for :

Recovery Software

The supplied USB thumb drive contains the software pre-installed to ROBOTIS OP3.
You may obtain updated software from the link below.
ROBOTIS OP3 Recovery
Software may be updated without prior notice. Please check for updates periodically.

Useful Information

You can download other ROBOTIS OP3-related items and more detailed information from the wiki manual.
ROBOTIS OP3 Tutorial

Miscellaneous

System Block Diagram

The below diagram illustrates the overall system structure of ROBOTIS OP3.

  1. Main Controller is powered by Intel i3 dual-core(Intel NUC i3)
  2. Sub Controller is powered by STMicroelectronics Cortex-M7 32F746GT6 (clocked at 216MHz).
  3. Camera
    • 1080p Full HD movie recording
    • Carl Zeiss® optics with 20-step autofocus
    • Built-in dual stereo mics with noise reduction
    • H.264 video encoding

ID Map

The following diagram illustrates the default ID number of actuators in ROBOTIS OP3.

ROBOTIS-OP3 Revision

Based on the type of internal PC, ROBOTIS-OP3 will be revised accordingly.

Warranty

ROBOTIS OP3 includes the following warranty:

A. 90 days warranty against manufacture defects (RMA required) *

B. Local Maintenance Service (by local partner) : 1 years **

C. Core System Maintenance Service (by ROBOTIS) : 1 years

D. Parts replacement for malfunctions during normal operation for 1 years.

* Please download RMA (Return Material Authorization)([http://en.robotis.com/index/service_04.php?tab=4])
No return shipping will be accepted without a RMA number issued by ROBOTIS.

** Customers who require extended warranty period may purchase another “1 year warranty” from ROBOTIS before their standard warranty period is over.

Important Notice:

  1. Product registration is required for all customers. http://support.robotis.com

  2. Parts replacement can only be done through RMA(Return Material Authorization) application.

  3. After the initial 90 days, shipping fee is not covered under warranty.

  4. Warranty does NOT cover ordinary wear/tear, any accident or damage caused by followings.
    • Physical damage equivalent to dropping the robot from 20cm or higher
    • Disabling system safety function (DYNAMIXEL Overload Shutdown)
    • Dangerous movement (jump, roll, fi ght) or excessive operation without rest
    • Any liquid or unauthorized chemical material to the robot
    • Unauthorized power or electric shock applied to the robot
    • Improvising core system programming area.
  5. Direct check-up service
    Evaluation, maintenance and quality assurance of assembled robot can be provided by ROBOTIS only.
    RMA is required and additional fee may apply. Service will not be rendered for seriously customized hardware.

Sub Controller(OpenCR)

WARRNING : Please turn off the power switch before connecting power source(battery or SMPS) to the product.

Control Table

Control Table consists of data regarding the current status and operation of OpenCR. The user can control OpenCR by changing data of Control Table via Instruction packet.

EEPROM and RAM

Data in RAM area is reset to initial values whenever the power is turned on while data in EEPROM area is kept once values are set even if the power is turned off.

Address

Represents the location of data. To read from or write data to the control table the user should assign the correct address in the Instruction packet.

Access

OpenCR has two kinds of data: Read-only data, used mainly for sensing, and read-and-write data used for driving.

Initial Value

In case of data in the EEPROM Area, the initial values on the right side of the below Control Table are the factory default settings.
In case of data in the RAM Area, the initial values on the right side of the following control table are the ones when the power is turned on.

Highest/Lowest Byte

In the Control table, some data share the same name, but they are attached with (L) or (H) at the end of each name to distinguish the address. This data requires 16-bit, but it is divided into 8bit each for the addresses (low) and (high). These two addresses should be written with one Instruction Packet simutaneously.

EEPROM Area

Address Name Description Access Init Value
0 (0X00) Model Number(L) model number low byte R 0(0X00)
1 (0X01) Model Number(H) model number high byte R 116 (0X74)
2 (0X02) Version of Firmware firmware version R -
3 (0X03) ID OpenCR ID RW 200 (0XC8)
4 (0X04) Baud Rate Communication baud rate RW 1 (0X01)
5 (0X05) Return Delay Time Return Delay Time RW 0 (0X0)
16 (0X10) Status Return Level Status Return Level RW 0 (0X00)

RAM Area

Address Name Description Access Init Value
24 (0X18) DYNAMIXEL Power DYNAMIXEL On/Off RW 0 (0X00)
25 (0X19) LED LED Pannel On/Off RW 0 (0X00)
26 (0X1A) LED_RGB(L) LED 5 low byte RW 0 (0X00)
27 (0X1B) LED_RGB(H) LED 5 high byte RW 0 (0X00)
28 (0X1C) Buzzer(L) LED 6 low byte RW 0 (0X00)
29 (0X1D) Buzzer(H) LED 6 high byte RW 0 (0X00)
30 (0X1E) Button Button status R -
31 (0X1F) Voltage Power Voltage R -
32 (0X20) Gyro_Z(L) Gyroscope Z-axis low byte R -
33 (0X21) Gyro_Z(H) Gyroscope Z-axis high byte R -
34 (0X22) Gyro_Y(L) Gyroscope Y-axis low byte R -
35 (0X23) Gyro_Y(H) Gyroscope Y-axis high byte R -
36 (0X24) Gyro_X(L) Gyroscope X-axis low byte R -
37 (0X25) Gyro_X(H) Gyroscope X-axis high byte R -
38 (0X26) ACC_X(L) Accelerometer X-axis low byte R -
39 (0X27) ACC_X(H) Accelerometer X-axis high byte R -
40 (0X28) ACC_Y(L) Accelerometer Y-axis low byte R -
41 (0X29) ACC_Y(H) Accelerometer Y-axis high byte R -
42 (0X2A) ACC_Z(L) Accelerometer Z-axis low byte R -
43 (0X2B) ACC_Z(H) Accelerometer Z-axis high byte R -
44 (0X2C) Roll(L) IMU Roll low byte R -
45 (0X2D) Roll(H) IMU Roll high byte R -
46 (0X2E) Pitch(L) IMU Pitch low byte R -
47 (0X2F) Pitch(H) IMU Pitch high byte R -
48 (0X30) Yaw(L) IMU Yaw low byte R -
49 (0x31) Yaw(H) IMU Yaw high byte R -
50 (0X32) IMU_Control IMU Control RW 0x00

Address Function Help

Model Number

Represents the Model Number.

Firmware Version

Represents the firmware version.

ID

Is a unique number to identify DYNAMIXEL.
Values range from 0 (0x00) to 252 (0xFC), Value 254 (0xFE) is used as the Broadcast ID.
If the Broadcast ID is used to transmit Instruction Packet, then it can command to all DYNAMIXEL.

NOTE : Do NOT assign an identical ID for DYNAMIXEL in the same network.

Baud Rate

Represents the communication speed. 0 (0x00) to 7 (0x07) can be used for it.

Data Set BPS Target BPS Tolerance
0 9,600 9,600 0.000 %
1 57,600 57,600 0.000 %
2 115,200 115,200 0.000 %
3 1,000,000 1,000,000 0.000 %
4 2,000,000 2,000,000 0.000 %
5 3,000,000 3,000,000 0.000 %
6 4,000,000 4,000,000 0.000 %
7 4,500,000 4,500,000 0.000 %

NOTE : Maximum Baud Rate error of 3% is within the tolerance of UART communication.

Return Delay Time

Return Delay Time will set a timer to hold a Status Packet transmission for a received Instruction Packet.
This data has a multiplier of 2μsec, therefore set value will be multiplied by 2 microseconds.
For example, if Return Delay Time is set to 10, a Status Packet will be transmitted after 20 microseconds after receiving an Instruction Packet.
Available data values range from 0 (0x00) to 254 (0xFE).

Status Return Level

Status Return Level decides whether to return a Status Packet or not for an Instruction Packet.
There are three options as below table.
If an Instruction Packet has a Broadcast ID, Status Packet will not be returned regardless of Status Return Level.

Value Return of Status Packet
0 No return against all commands (Except PING Command)
1 Return only for the READ command
2 Return for all commands

NOTE : When Instruction packet is Broadcast ID, Status packet is not returned regardless of Status return level.

DYNAMIXEL Power

Value Meaning
0 Turn off the power of all DYNAMIXEL connected to OpenCR.
1 Turn on the power of all DYNAMIXEL connected to OpenCR.

LED Pannel

BIT 7 ~ 3 2 1 0
Value X LED3 LED2 LED1

For each set bit, corresponding LED will be turned on.
For each reset bit, corresponding LED will be turned off.

LED_RGB

BIT 15 14 ~ 10 9 ~ 5 4 ~ 0
Value X LED_B LED_G LED_R

Chest LED is a tricolor LED and the color can be represented with RGB values.

Buzzer

Value Description
0 ~ 65535 Frequency(Hz) of Buzzer

If the Buzzer value is set to 0, the buzzer will be turned off.

BUTTON STATUS

BIT 7 ~ 4 3 2 1 0
Value X BUTTON_S4 BUTTON_S3 BUTTON_S2 BUTTON_S1

For each bit set to 1, the button is being pressed.
For each bit set to 0, the button is released.

VOLTAGE

This value stands for the input voltage of the controller with a multiplier of 10.
For example, when 10V is supplied to the controller, the Voltage value will be 100.

GYRO X/Y/Z

The following image represents the direction of Gyro axis of OpenCR.

Each arrow represents the orientation of gyroscope axis.
The data range is -2000dps ~ +2000dps.
The following graph shows relation between actual data value and angular velocity value.

Acceleration X/Y/Z

The following picture represents the direction of accelerometer axis of OpenCR.

Each arrow represents the orientation of accelerometer axis.
The data range is -2g ~ +2g.
The following graph shows relation between actual data value and acceleration value.

IMU_Control

This data controls roll / pitch / yaw offset values for the IMU sensor.

BIT 7 ~ 4 3 2 1 0
Value X Gyro Yaw Pitch Roll

For each bit set to 1, corresponding roll, pitch, yaw, gyro values will be used for calculating offset values.
The calculation will take for 2 seconds and then each bit will be reset to 0.

GPIO Pin Assignments

Pin Assignments
PIN_LED_R Red LED pin
PIN_LED_G Green LED pin
PIN_LED_B Blue LED pin
PIN_LED_1 LED output 1
PIN_LED_2 LED output 2
PIN_LED_3 LED output 3
PIN_BUTTON_S1 Button Input S1
PIN_BUTTON_S2 Button Input S2
PIN_BUTTON_S3 Button Input S3
PIN_BUTTON_S4 Button Input S4 (Reset DYNAMIXEL Power)